Minimal Parental Care

These frogs eggs have been laid and abandoned by their mother. The gelatinous covering provides protection from dessication and perhaps deters some predators, but their main defense is to develop quickly, so that their exposure does not last long. The egg stage is particularly vulnerable, as eggs lack behavioral defenses and, in general, eggs and embryos are not chemically protected from predation.

**add Janzen tasty embryos ref**

 

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copyright ©2001 Michael D. Breed, all rights reserved