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The hawk versus dove game is one way of understanding alternative strategies in animal combat.

Another option is the war of attrition.

hawk versus dove
The hawk versus dove game has been used to model territorial defense. Hawks are aggressive and will fight when the chance presents itself. Doves are passive and never fight.
hawk-advantage is territorial possession, disadvantage is time lost/injury due to fighting
dove-never possesses territory, but doesn’t lose time or get injured

Crowley P H 2001 Dangerous games and the emergence of social structure: evolving memory-based strategies for the generalized hawk-dove game BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY 12 (6): 753-760